PoolUp: fostering trust and enhancing user retention

PoolUp: fostering trust and enhancing user retention

PoolUp: fostering trust and enhancing user retention

Role: Product Designer | Project Lead

Disciplines: Visual Design | User Research | Market Research | Product Strategy

Timeline: 2023 | 2.5 months


Case study | 7 min read

Role: Product Designer | Project Lead

Disciplines: Visual Design | User Research | Market Research | Product Strategy

Timeline: 2023 | 2.5 months


Case study | 7 min read

Role: Product Designer | Project Lead

Disciplines: Visual Design | User Research | Market Research | Product Strategy

Timeline: 2023 | 2.5 months


Case study | 7 min read

PoolUp is an early stage startup aiming to create a community of student drivers and passengers. During my time there, I identified a design problem based on an existing product issue and took initiative to design a new feature for user profiles, with the goal of combatting low user retention rates while working closely with the CEO, CPO, lead Engineer, and lead Designer.

During my time at PoolUp, the MVP product focused on students attending universities in Southern California. This project was primarily a redesign of existing profiles screens.

PoolUp is an early stage startup aiming to create a community of student drivers and passengers. During my time there, I identified a design problem based on an existing product issue and took initiative to design a new feature for user profiles, with the goal of combatting low user retention rates while working closely with the CEO, CPO, lead Engineer, and lead Designer.

During my time at PoolUp, the MVP product focused on students attending universities in Southern California. This project was primarily a redesign of existing profiles screens.

PoolUp is an early stage startup aiming to create a community of student drivers and passengers. During my time there, I identified a design problem based on an existing product issue and took initiative to design a new feature for user profiles, with the goal of combatting low user retention rates while working closely with the CEO, CPO, lead Engineer, and lead Designer.

During my time at PoolUp, the MVP product focused on students attending universities in Southern California. This project was primarily a redesign of existing profiles screens.

Why are our user rentention and user count so low?

During a meeting we hypothesized users did not trust PoolUp as a product since there was little reassurance and trust in using the app.

The user flow leading to the payment method made the product look suspicious because it lacked crucial information about the other people in the car, which made it difficult for users to make an informed decision about their ride. Since PoolUp was not as established as other major apps like Uber of Lyft, providing reassurance and trust was crucial in retaining users in the long run.

Why are our user rentention and user count so low?

During a meeting we hypothesized users did not trust PoolUp as a product since there was little reassurance and trust in using the app.

The user flow leading to the payment method made the product look suspicious because it lacked crucial information about the other people in the car, which made it difficult for users to make an informed decision about their ride. Since PoolUp was not as established as other major apps like Uber of Lyft, providing reassurance and trust was crucial in retaining users in the long run.

Why are our user rentention and user count so low?

During a meeting we hypothesized users did not trust PoolUp as a product since there was little reassurance and trust in using the app.

The user flow leading to the payment method made the product look suspicious because it lacked crucial information about the other people in the car, which made it difficult for users to make an informed decision about their ride. Since PoolUp was not as established as other major apps like Uber of Lyft, providing reassurance and trust was crucial in retaining users in the long run.

Potential Solution

We can provide users with more useful info before they finalize booking.

Since the main issue related to trust and reassurance, they needed to be sure that they made the right decision when committing to a 3-hour ride home.

Potential Solution

We can provide users with more useful info before they finalize booking.

Since the main issue related to trust and reassurance, they needed to be sure that they made the right decision when committing to a 3-hour ride home.

Potential Solution

We can provide users with more useful info before they finalize booking.

Since the main issue related to trust and reassurance, they needed to be sure that they made the right decision when committing to a 3-hour ride home.

Pitching the Project

Advocating for user research to internal stakeholders

I brainstormed some features that can be implemented in the user profiles that may be relevant to college students and also to the ride experience, and shared the ideas with the team. At the same time, I suggested that we do a round of quick user research to validate that my ideas would solve user pain points. However, I encountered some resistance due to concerns of time constraints.

I reminded our stakeholders that with research, we could save a lot of time and money that would be needed correcting mistakes down the line in the case of not meeting user expectations and needs.

Pitching the Project

Advocating for user research to internal stakeholders

I brainstormed some features that can be implemented in the user profiles that may be relevant to college students and also to the ride experience, and shared the ideas with the team. At the same time, I suggested that we do a round of quick user research to validate that my ideas would solve user pain points. However, I encountered some resistance due to concerns of time constraints.

I reminded our stakeholders that with research, we could save a lot of time and money that would be needed correcting mistakes down the line in the case of not meeting user expectations and needs.

Pitching the Project

Advocating for user research to internal stakeholders

I brainstormed some features that can be implemented in the user profiles that may be relevant to college students and also to the ride experience, and shared the ideas with the team. At the same time, I suggested that we do a round of quick user research to validate that my ideas would solve user pain points. However, I encountered some resistance due to concerns of time constraints.

I reminded our stakeholders that with research, we could save a lot of time and money that would be needed correcting mistakes down the line in the case of not meeting user expectations and needs.

Ensuring Product Vision & Technical Feasibility

I closely collaborated with the product team to define and refine the project's goals, ensuring that my research and design work would seamlessly align with the product's vision. At the same time, I collaborated with the engineering team to evaluate the technical feasibility of my design ideas throughout the duration of the project. We want to ensure that the designs I create are achievable and compatible with the current app development structure.

Ensuring Product Vision & Technical Feasibility

I closely collaborated with the product team to define and refine the project's goals, ensuring that my research and design work would seamlessly align with the product's vision. At the same time, I collaborated with the engineering team to evaluate the technical feasibility of my design ideas throughout the duration of the project. We want to ensure that the designs I create are achievable and compatible with the current app development structure.

Ensuring Product Vision & Technical Feasibility

I closely collaborated with the product team to define and refine the project's goals, ensuring that my research and design work would seamlessly align with the product's vision. At the same time, I collaborated with the engineering team to evaluate the technical feasibility of my design ideas throughout the duration of the project. We want to ensure that the designs I create are achievable and compatible with the current app development structure.

Let's Get Crackin'

Let's Get Crackin'

Users do not find PoolUp reliable enough to trust the app.


I gathered all the information on our users based on my previous round of user research, which focused on 4 different user groups: solo drivers, ride-share drivers, ride-share passengers, and public transportation users. I also sourced data from PoolUp’s app user tracking, and comments we received in-ride from beta testers. With all these data, I was able to visualize the user journey of booking a ride on the app.

Users do not find PoolUp reliable enough to trust the app.


I gathered all the information on our users based on my previous round of user research, which focused on 4 different user groups: solo drivers, ride-share drivers, ride-share passengers, and public transportation users. I also sourced data from PoolUp’s app user tracking, and comments we received in-ride from beta testers. With all these data, I was able to visualize the user journey of booking a ride on the app.

Let's go on a little journey…

Before a ride even happens, users experience doubt due to lack of information on future trip-mates.

Diving Deeper

How might we help users feel reassured and have some level of connection with their future trip-mates before booking?

I did some market research on competitor apps and dating apps to understand how they help users form connections with one another while establishing trust within the use base and with the product.

Diving Deeper

How might we help users feel reassured and have some level of connection with their future trip-mates before booking?

I did some market research on competitor apps and dating apps to understand how they help users form connections with one another while establishing trust within the use base and with the product.

Diving Deeper

How might we help users feel reassured and have some level of connection with their future trip-mates before booking?

I did some market research on competitor apps and dating apps to understand how they help users form connections with one another while establishing trust within the use base and with the product.

How do other products help people form genuine connections with one another? Let's take a look at Bumble and Tinder…

Screenshots of Bumble and Tinder taken from Mobbin

Screenshots of Bumble and Tinder taken from Mobbin

Screenshots of Bumble and Tinder taken from Mobbin

Dating apps like Tinder and Bumble are quite popular these days, so I wanted to see how they engage their users to interact with others on their platforms, what topics and sections are shared on a user profile and what aspects about a person to people actually care about.

Understanding Our Users

To truly understand where the pain points lie, I needed to talk to folks in our target user base, which are college students who live away from home

Understanding Our Users

To truly understand where the pain points lie, I needed to talk to folks in our target user base, which are college students who live away from home

Understanding Our Users

To truly understand where the pain points lie, I needed to talk to folks in our target user base, which are college students who live away from home

What makes the car ride a good experience when shared with someone else? Let's interview some college students.

I spoke with 3 undergraduate and 1 graduate CA in-state students to further understand the elements that create a positive ride-share experience, specifically for mid-distance (2+ hrs) rides. The journey does not start when the ride begins, but rather when they begin to browse and book their rides on the app and the anticipation and expectations they have before the ride. I used behavioral Inquiries to understand users’ perception of safety and comfortability in past ride-share experiences. The interviews were split into 3 main sections:

Past Ride-share Experience

What was your exp like when...

  • driver is a stranger

  • driver has known similar backgrounds (ex. same college)

  • driver is a friend/family

Perception of Safety

What made you feel safe or unsafe during in a ride with unfamiliar trip-mates (ie. Uber, Lyft, Taxi)?

Personality in Social Situations

How comfortable are you in social situations, and with speaking with strangers at various levels of familiarity?

I scoured Reddit posts in r/Uber, r/Lyft, and inquired some of my peers to find out what people appreciate or despise in a ride-share situation.

After compiling the key points, I created a card-sorting exercise for interviewees to sort them in terms of importance and to group them into categories before naming them. I was able to gather insights on how much users would care about certain scenarios and behaviors in a ride-share. The grouping also helped me design the UI of the profile section later on.

Card sorting results of one of the interviewees

Card sorting results of one of the interviewees

Card sorting results of one of the interviewees

Research Analysis

Research Analysis

I summarized the research results and reviewed all the information by laying them out in an affinity map to guide my interpretation and analysis of the qualitative data from the interviews. Along each section, I summarized the key points and further organized all the information.

After sorting through all the responses, I extracted insights that were useful for design solutions and also shared other product/engineering solutions with the rest of the team for future considerations.

In-Ride Preferences

Users care about sharing their own and knowing others' preferences:

  • Music Playing

  • Sleeping / Convo

  • Eating(vax)

Music

A way to share music taste and listen together in the ride.

Familiarity

Having common interests and background.

Fun Facts Feature*

Activity based prompt and answer on profile.


*The team really liked the fun facts feature idea, but due to engineering and time limitations, they encouraged me to prioritize other designs solutions that can be more easily implemented.

Design Planning & Decisions

Collaborating with PM to figure out profile requirements

With passenger and driver type users, various profile states, and profiles for both self-facing (users seeing their own profile) and others-facing (users seeing other profiles), I planned for various user profile types, each including slightly different sections and functionalities. I collaborated with our product manager to compile a list of information that would be included in the user profile.

Design Planning & Decisions

Collaborating with PM to figure out profile requirements

With passenger and driver type users, various profile states, and profiles for both self-facing (users seeing their own profile) and others-facing (users seeing other profiles), I planned for various user profile types, each including slightly different sections and functionalities. I collaborated with our product manager to compile a list of information that would be included in the user profile.

Design Planning & Decisions

Collaborating with PM to figure out profile requirements

With passenger and driver type users, various profile states, and profiles for both self-facing (users seeing their own profile) and others-facing (users seeing other profiles), I planned for various user profile types, each including slightly different sections and functionalities. I collaborated with our product manager to compile a list of information that would be included in the user profile.

In-Ride Preferences: how do users prioritize different boundaries during a ride?

I introduced the "In-Ride Preferences" section in the user profiles that would display preference tags that correspond between the passenger and the driver. From the card sorting exercise and insights from the interview, I compiled the list shown below. For each of the driver and passenger In-Ride Preferences, there is a section for basic preferences and another for users to set boundaries and expectations for others.Users would choose tags that resonate with them in the "In-Ride Preferences" section of their profile.

Passenger Basics

"I am…"

  • Usually quiet

  • Falls asleep in car

  • Down to chat a bit

  • Loves to chat

  • Prefers music playing

  • Prefers fast/slow driver

  • Likes making friends with drivers

Driver Basics

"Would prefer if my driver…"

  • Allows/Doesn’t allow eating

  • Allows/Doesn’t allows drinking (outside of water)

  • Doesn’t smoke

  • Not chat loudly with others

  • Keep the volume high/low

  • Doesn’t talk on the phone

Passenger Boundaries

"Would prefer if my driver…"

  • Allows/Doesn’t allow eating

  • Allows/Doesn’t allows drinking (outside of water)

  • Doesn’t smoke
    Not chat loudly with others

  • Keep the volume high/low
    Doesn’t talk on the phone

Driver Boundaries

"Rules for my car…"

  • Eating allowed/not allowed

  • Drinking allowed/not allowed (except for water)

  • No smoking/smoking ok (hi key questionable LOL)
    Prefer no talking loudly

Interests selection methods: which method is most feasible from an engineering and content management standpoint?

Since there are endless possibilities for potential topics of interest from our users, there are multiple ways the users can select what they want to present in their profiles. To narrow down what would be achievable on the engineers' end, I presented some ideas during our discussions.

3 considered options for interest selection method

3 considered options for interest selection method

3 considered options for interest selection method

OPTION 1

User Self Input

OPTION 2

Search Bar

Option 3

Select from Set List

Mechanics

Create and enter your own topics to be presented in their profiles

Search for topics from an autogenerated list of topics based on current trends

Search for topics from a set list of topics curated by the team (ex. 100 items to choose from)

User Convenience

🟢 Offers maximum flexibility and customizability to users

🟡 Offers less flexibility and customizability to users

🟡 Offers less flexibility and customizability to users

Content Moderation

🟡 Challenging to manually moderate the content

🟡 Challenging to manually moderate the content

🟢 Easier for content moderation; but would require occasional maintenance to add topics over time to keep them on trend

Tech Feasibility

🔴 Difficult to set up filters to prevent hate-speech or trolling

🔴 Effort to create a search system and algorithm is not worth the impact of this feature

🟢 Shorter engineering turn around time

OPTION 1

User Self Input

OPTION 2

Search Bar

🌟Selected for Final Design

Option 3

Select from Set List

After going through all the challenges and the impacts of the above options we ended up selecting Option 3: Select from set list. Our main consideration for this was the simplicity of implementation effort for the whole team in comparison to the other options, as it would be much easier for engineering to set up the framework and also easier for the product team to moderate what goes on in the user profiles.

Selected selection method: User select from set list

Selected selection method: User select from set list

Selected selection method: User select from set list

Design Execution

Design Execution

Users can select tags that resonate with them and share with other users


The new sections that serve to provide more clarity to users looking to find trip-mates, and to help them make informed decisions more easily.

In the Driver Profile, the added car visual also provides more clarity on the model of the car the passenger might be getting on.

Note: I designed new UI that was not previously in the design system for these new sections. For other elements on the profile screens, I did some minor UI adjustments upon the original designs.

Users can select tags that resonate with them and share with other users


The new sections that serve to provide more clarity to users looking to find trip-mates, and to help them make informed decisions more easily.

In the Driver Profile, the added car visual also provides more clarity on the model of the car the passenger might be getting on.

Note: I designed new UI that was not previously in the design system for these new sections. For other elements on the profile screens, I did some minor UI adjustments upon the original designs.

Users can select tags that resonate with them and share with other users


The new sections that serve to provide more clarity to users looking to find trip-mates, and to help them make informed decisions more easily.

In the Driver Profile, the added car visual also provides more clarity on the model of the car the passenger might be getting on.

Note: I designed new UI that was not previously in the design system for these new sections. For other elements on the profile screens, I did some minor UI adjustments upon the original designs.

Before vs After redesign of profile screens

Users can edit their profiles using the tag selection method.

Editing profile user flow

Since the design for pill selection (Interests and In-Ride Preferences) was not already included in PoolUp's design system, I created the overall UX flow for each of the sections, from bio, interests, typical routes, and pronouns, to In-Ride Preferences for both passengers and drivers. Below is an example of what editing "Rules" looks like from a driver's perspective.

Results & Impact

Usability testing reflected positive change in user attitude

I conducted 3 usability tests with passengers that PoolUp tested within their initial stages of the MVP design so that they could compare their experience between the old and new designs.

Results & Impact

Usability testing reflected positive change in user attitude

I conducted 3 usability tests with passengers that PoolUp tested within their initial stages of the MVP design so that they could compare their experience between the old and new designs.

Results & Impact

Usability testing reflected positive change in user attitude

I conducted 3 usability tests with passengers that PoolUp tested within their initial stages of the MVP design so that they could compare their experience between the old and new designs.

Ideally, the next step would be to conduct some data analysis.

If I had more time, I would have collaborated with our data analyst when the design was shipped to analyze for any decrease or increase in user drop-off rates and also any increase in time spent on viewing profiles, as these indicators can inform us on how successful the design is and how the next iteration can be done.

Due to the timing of this project, I was not able to see my designs being shipped on the actual app as I had left the company after the conclusion of this project. However, I left the team with a plan of action and documentation for the designs if they choose to pursue them.

I wish I had the time to design the pre-ride exercise idea I had…

Essentially, once all the passengers and the driver are matched in a ride, they would be grouped in the app and can complete a little game-like activity by posting questions and answering each other's questions to get to know each other a bit more. This would be interesting to see working for even longer rides, such as from Santa Barbara to the Bay Area, a roughly 5-hour drive. Users would be able to have some fun and interact with each other in the car. Since this idea was deprioritized, I ended up not having enough time to design it.

Signing Off

Spearheading a project and learning to plan everything

Having mostly done small redesigns to the mobile app, this project posed quite a challenge at the time. I had seen a design opportunity for improvement in a major area in the app and was excited to take on the responsibility of leading the design of this flow and advocating for my designs to convince the stakeholders to believe in me.

Designing at a small start-up company meant understanding not all designs are feasible because our product is not backed by 50 engineers, but rather 3. I often had to come up with design alternatives and hold off on some of the more interesting and "fancy" designs, such as the fun fact feature and Spotify profile section, for ones that would be considered more robust and easier to implement due to budget constraints. Learning to design with constraints allowed me to be more conscious of the impact and effects of my work on the users and my team members.

Working with an existing design system also meant that I was able to focus more on the UX aspect instead of the UI, which allowed me to dive in with the research and use the findings to guide my designs. I learned so much about the detailed planning that goes behind creating designs, considering engineering constraints, marketing efforts, and the overall implementation feasibility of a small start-up company. It was an enjoyable experience seeing how a product comes together and how UX design is truly a collaboration between multiple disciplines.

Signing Off

Spearheading a project and learning to plan everything

Having mostly done small redesigns to the mobile app, this project posed quite a challenge at the time. I had seen a design opportunity for improvement in a major area in the app and was excited to take on the responsibility of leading the design of this flow and advocating for my designs to convince the stakeholders to believe in me.

Designing at a small start-up company meant understanding not all designs are feasible because our product is not backed by 50 engineers, but rather 3. I often had to come up with design alternatives and hold off on some of the more interesting and "fancy" designs, such as the fun fact feature and Spotify profile section, for ones that would be considered more robust and easier to implement due to budget constraints. Learning to design with constraints allowed me to be more conscious of the impact and effects of my work on the users and my team members.

Working with an existing design system also meant that I was able to focus more on the UX aspect instead of the UI, which allowed me to dive in with the research and use the findings to guide my designs. I learned so much about the detailed planning that goes behind creating designs, considering engineering constraints, marketing efforts, and the overall implementation feasibility of a small start-up company. It was an enjoyable experience seeing how a product comes together and how UX design is truly a collaboration between multiple disciplines.

Signing Off

Spearheading a project and learning to plan everything

Having mostly done small redesigns to the mobile app, this project posed quite a challenge at the time. I had seen a design opportunity for improvement in a major area in the app and was excited to take on the responsibility of leading the design of this flow and advocating for my designs to convince the stakeholders to believe in me.

Designing at a small start-up company meant understanding not all designs are feasible because our product is not backed by 50 engineers, but rather 3. I often had to come up with design alternatives and hold off on some of the more interesting and "fancy" designs, such as the fun fact feature and Spotify profile section, for ones that would be considered more robust and easier to implement due to budget constraints. Learning to design with constraints allowed me to be more conscious of the impact and effects of my work on the users and my team members.

Working with an existing design system also meant that I was able to focus more on the UX aspect instead of the UI, which allowed me to dive in with the research and use the findings to guide my designs. I learned so much about the detailed planning that goes behind creating designs, considering engineering constraints, marketing efforts, and the overall implementation feasibility of a small start-up company. It was an enjoyable experience seeing how a product comes together and how UX design is truly a collaboration between multiple disciplines.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Designed with lots of love and coffee, updated September 2024

© 2024 Felix Lo

Designed with lots of love and coffee, updated September 2024

© 2024 Felix Lo

Designed with lots of love and coffee, updated September 2024

© 2024 Felix Lo